Kiln.



L. W. McARTHUR.

KILN.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. a. 1916.

1 1 99,0 1 5 Patented Sept. 19, 1916.

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TJMTED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

LACI-ILAN W. MCARTHUR, OF MONTREAL, WEST, QUEBEC, CANADA, ASSIGNOR TOHIMSELF, AND PERCIVAL STAFFORD MCKERGOW, OF WESTMOUNT, QUEBEC,

CANADA.

KILN.

Application filed February 16, 1916.

To all whom it may concern.

Be it known that I, LAOHLAN WALLACE MGARTHUR, residing in the town ofMontreal, lVest, Province of Quebec, Dominion of Canada, have madecertain new and useful Improvements in Kilns; and I do hereby declarethat the following is a full, clear, and exact description of myinvention.

My invention relates particularly to updraft kilns, and has for itsobject to obtain from an open kiln the advantages of a closed kiln; anda further object is to obtain controlled direct heating from below. Tothis end I equip an open chamber kiln with a series of floor grids eachpresenting tortuous flues and communicating with an individuallycontrolled heat generator, the walls of the kiln chamber being furnishedwith a series of draft flues located near the top thereof and leadingfrom the kilnchamber to combustion chambers within the side walls andcommunicating with the kiln chamber and a series of chimneys. Thesecombustion chambers have the effect of retaining the burning gases inintimate relation with the kiln-chamber until practically completecombustion is obtained. For full comprehension, however, of my inventionreference must be'had to the accompanying drawings forming a part ofthis specification, in which similar reference characters indicate thesame parts and wherein:

Figure 1 is side elevation of a two chamber kiln partly in verticalsectional view, the section being taken on line 1 1 F ig. 2, erectedaccording to my invention; Fig. 2 is a part plan and part horizontalsectional view thereof, the section being taken on line '2 Fig. 3; Fig.3 is a transverse vertical sectional view taken on line 3 3 Fig. 1; Fig.at is a detail fragmentary elevation of one of the grids drawn to alarger scale; Fig. 5 is a detail sectional perspective view of one ofthe furnaces and drawn to a largerscale and Fig. 6 is a detailperspective view of one of the upper slabs of the grids, drawn to alarger scale.

In erecting my improved kiln the ground upon which it is to stand isexcavated in a series of parallel furnace chambers 5 disposed in alinedpairs, separated by the unexcavated portion a forming a wall, the oppo-Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Sept. 19, 1916. Serial No. 78,652.

site ends of the excavation being open. These open ends are excavated toa greater depth to provide the furnace chamber proper 6, this furnacechamber being lined as usual with refractory material and the surface ofthe higher level floor f is also covered with refractory material whilethe inner ends of the excavations presented by the division wall 0 areinclined upwardly toward each other as at g.

Side walls 70 and end'walls m are erected in line with and above theopen ends of these excavations thus forming an oblong chamber inclosedon four sides. The roofs of the excavations are in the form of gridsconsisting of two layers, the first layer be ing slabs p resting attheir ends on the opposite edges of the excavations and spaced slightlyfrom the side walls and from one another, the upper layer consisting ofsimi lar slabs 4 provided with corner feet .9 and these upper slabsbeing arranged over the spaces between the lower slabs, thus with theselower slabs presenting a multiplicity of tortuous flues. The grids thusproduced extend from the division wall 0 to the side walls. Each furnacechamber may be provided with a grate tsuitable for burning coal, andpipes u and 11 for liquid fuel or gas. Whencoal is to be'burned thepipes o are removed.

The top of each side wall and the corners of the kiln are provided witha series of chimneys 2 located preferably near the outside portions ofthe wall, and the extended thickness of the side walls beneath thechimneys are provided with narrow combustion-chambers 3 extending fromend to end of each of these side walls and from the top thereof towithin a short distance of the fire box, the upper portions of theseside f es the heat in all directions from each of the upper slabs. Thisprevents fusing of the lower courses.

What I claim is as follows:

1. In a kiln for burning brick comprising side walls and end wallsinclosing the kiln chamber with open top, a series of heat generatorssupplying gases at a high temperature to the bottom of the chamber, thecombination with the chamber thus constructed, of means incorporated inthe walls for causing an upward draft from the generators through thechamber to the top thereof for the purpose of permitting stacked brickswithin the chamber with their upper courses matted and approximatelylevel with the top of the walls to be uniformly acted upon by the heatemanating from said hot gases.

2. In a kiln for burning brick comprising walls inclosing a kiln chamberwith open top, a heat generator supplying gases at a high temperature tothe bottom of the chamher, the combination with the chamber thusconstructed of means incorporated in the said walls for causing anupward draft from the generators through the chamber to the top thereoffor the purpose of permitting stacked bricks within the chamber withtheir upper courses matted and approximately level with'the top of thewalls to be uniformly acted upon by the heat emanating from said hotgases.

3. An open-top up-draft kiln for burning brick consisting of a structurecomprising side walls and end walls and a floor presenting a kilnchamber, said floor having heat generators set beneath the same and theportions of the floor above the generators having tortuous flueseffecting communication between the generators and the kiln chamber, theside walls being provided with a plurality of chimneys formingperpendicular continuations thereof and horizontal flues in the saidside walls near their upper ends, the chimneys and flues beingconstructed and arranged to produce an outward draft from the kilnchamber to the chimneys.

4. An open-top up-draft kiln for burning brick consisting of a structurecomprising side walls and end walls and a floor, presenting a kilnchamber, said floor having heat generators set beneath the same and theportions of the floor above the generators consisting of a plurality ofspaced layers of spaced slabs, the slabs of one series being arranged instaggered relation with the slabs of the other series and the slabs ofthe two series presenting in the spaces be tween the slabs and betweenthe series tortuous flues efiecting communication between the generatorsand the kiln chamber.

' 5. In an open-top kiln for burning brick, a heat generator; a fluebeneath the floor of the kiln and communicating with the heat generator;means forming a series of tortuous flues in the floor above the floorflues; a series of chimneys; a series of fines in the walls of the kilnnear the top thereof and effecting communication between kiln andchimneys, substantially as described and for the purpose of causing theuniform distribution of the heat through the kiln.

6. A kiln for burning brick having a chimney and a kiln-chamber, one ofthe walls of which has a combustion chamber in direct communication atits top with the kiln-chamber and at its bottom with the chimney flue.

7. In a kiln for burning brick, consisting of a structure comprisingside walls, end chambers; walls and floor presenting a kiln chamber, achimney-flue, one of the side walls having a combustion chamber indirect communication at its top with the kiln chamber and at its bottomwith the chimney flue.

8. In a kiln for burning brick consisting of a structure comprising sidewalls and end walls presenting a kiln-chamber; the side walls havingintercommunicating combustion chambers and chimney-flues within the saidside walls and the combustion chambers communicating with thekilnchamber.

9. In a kiln for burning brick, consisting of a structure comprisingside walls, end walls and a floor presenting a kiln-chamber with opentop, the side walls having combustion chambers and chimney-flues withinthe said side walls and the combustion chambers communicating with thekiln-chamber and chimney flues.

10. In a kiln for burning brick, consisting of a structure comprisingside walls, end walls and a floor presenting a kiln-chamber with opentop, the side walls having combustion chambers and chimney-flues withinthe said side walls and the combustion chambers communicating with thekilnchamber and chimney flues, and the said combustion chambersextending from end to end of the side walls.

11. In a kiln for burning brick, consisting of a structure comprisingside walls, end walls and a floor presenting a kiln-chamber with opentop, the side walls having combustion chambers and chimney-flues withinthe said side walls and the combustion chambers communicating with thekilnchamber and chimney flues and the'said combustion chambers extendingfrom end to end of the side walls and from within close proximity of thetop of the walls to within a short distance of the base.

12. In a kiln for burning brick, consisting of a structure comprisingside walls, end walls and a floor presenting a kiln-chamber with opentop, the side walls having combustion chambers and chimney flues withinthe said side walls and the combustion cham? bers communicating, withthe kilnchamber, and the said combustion chambers extending from end toend of the side walls and from. within, closc proximity of the top ofthe walls to within a short distance of the base and the chimney-Huesextending from the top of the walls to within a short distance of thebase and the lowerv ends of the chimney-tines communicating with thecombustion chambers.

13. In a kiln for burning brick, consisting of a structure comprisingside walls, end walls and floor presenting a kiln-chamber with open top,each side wall having, a combiistionchamber extending from withincloseproximity of the top-to within a; short distance of. he base; aseries of chimneys integrally with the top of the side wallsand finesextending, from the chimneys downward within each side wall to thelevelof the bottom of the combustion chamber, and a series of dues in eachside wall and ettecting communication. between the top of the combustionchamber and the kilnchamber.

ll. In a kiln for burning brick consisting of a structurecomprising sidewalls, end walls and floor presenting a chamber with. an open top, a plu'ality of parallel spaced heat generatorslocated beneath the floor, amultiplicity of tortuous fiues effecting communication betweeneach ofsaid generators and the chamber; a plurality of chimney lines in each ofsaid side walls and combustion chambers within the side walls andetfecting communication between the chimneyfiues and kiln-chamber.

15. In a kiln for burning brick, having a kiln-chamber, a plurality ofparallel spaced series ofi heat generators, a floor located above saidheat generators and having an opening therein located. directly overeach of said generators, and: means presenting a multiplicity oftortuous fiuesefiecting com.- munication between said heat generatorsand said chamber consisting of a plurality of spaced layer of spacedslabsextending across each of said openings, the slabs of one seriesbeing arranged in staggered relationwith t e slabs of the other series.

16. In a. kiln for burning brick having a kiln-chamber, a plurality ofparallel spaced series of heat generators and having an opening thereinlocated directly over each of said generators and means presenting aplurality of tortuous fines effecting commu nication between said heatgenerators and said chamber, said' means consisting of a plurality oflayers or spaced slabs extendingacross each of said openings, the slabsof one laycr beingarranged in staggered relation with the slabs of theother layer and means formed integrally with the slabs of one layer forspacing the layers.

17. A kiln consisting of a structure comprising side walls andendwallspresenting an open-top kiln-chamber and a floor for said chamberhaving a plurality of openings therein with. intervening dead floorsections; means for heating said chamber, said means consisting; of anexcavation located directly.

beneath each or said openings and having a refractorylining, the innerend of said ex cavaticn being closed; and; the opposite end opened, a:furnace located at such opposite end and constituted by an excavation ofgreater depth than the first mentioned excavation and a grate locatedover such deeper excavationv and; in the horizontal plane of the floorof the first mentioned excavation; and means presenting-a multiplicityof tontuous .flues eflecting communication between the first mentionedexcavation and said chamber, said mean consisting of a. layer of spacedslabs extending across the top of said excavation with their endsrest-ing upon the edges of the refractory lining; and a secondlayero-ispaced slabs mounted upon the first mentioned layer in staggeredrelation thereto, the secondlay-er having means formedintegrally'therewith for spacing the same from the slabs beneath.

18. A kiln consisting of a structure comprising side, walls-and endwalls presenting an open-top kiln-chamber and a floor for said chamberhaving a plurality of groups of openings therein witlmfloor memberscovering the same and presenting fluesefiecting communication betweenthe openings and kiln-chamber, means for heating said chamber, saidmeans consisting of; an exca-;

vation located. directly beneath each of said groups of openings, the,inner end of said excavation being? closed and-the opposite end open.and a furnace located at such opposite end.v

19. In; an open top kiln, an intermediate transverse wall dividing thesame into a pair of kiln-chambers; flues insai'd division wall andcommunicating with the respective kiln-chambers near the top thereof anda flue communicating with both of the said wallfiues for effectingcommunication therebetween and a drier; and dampers controlling thecommunication between the last mentioned flue and the said pair ofhwall.flues, for the purpose of: transmittingto the drier the; waste heatfrom said kiln chamber or kiln: chambers.

20. Ina kiln, an intermediate wall-dividing the-chamber into a pair ofkiln chambers and having a pair of fines therein, a

fine effecting communication between each kilnchamber and one of said.first mentioned pair of fines, an underground-flue communicatingwithsaid pair of' flues for. transmitting'to-a drier the waste heat fromthekilnchamber or. kiln-chambers, and means for. controlling-thecommunication between the underground flue and each of said firstmenname to this specification in the presence of tloned fines, saldmeans conslsting of a pan two Witnesses. of dampers and operating rodsconnected to the dampers and extending through the top LAGHLAN MOARTHUR'g of the division Wall for the purpose set Witnesses:

forth. WVILLIAM HEWETSON,

In testimony whereof I have signed my DAVID ROBERGE.

Copies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressingthe Commissioner of Baton.

Washington, D. G.

